255 lines
6.3 KiB
HTML
255 lines
6.3 KiB
HTML
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First of all, comment out every line of <tt>/etc/apt/sources.list</tt> by
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placing a hash sign (`<tt>#</tt>') in front of it (if it isn't already
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there).
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<P>
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Then you need to add new "<tt>deb</tt>" lines describing the location(s)
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where apt will get the new packages from. You can add "<tt>deb</tt>" lines
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for a packages mirror on a local harddisk, and/or FTP/HTTP mirrors, and/or
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(a set of) CD-ROMs. `Apt' will consider all packages that can be found
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via any "<tt>deb</tt>" line, and use the one with the highest version
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number, giving priority to the first mentioned lines. (So, in case of
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multiple mirror locations, you'd typically first name a local harddisk,
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then CD-ROMs, and finally FTP/HTTP mirrors.)
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<P>
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<UL>
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<LI>
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For a local archive (or a single mounted CD-ROM), that for example has
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these directories,
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#if OUTPUTtext
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<PRE>
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/var/ftp/debian/dists/sarge/main/binary-ARCH/...
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/var/ftp/debian/dists/sarge/contrib/binary-ARCH/...
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--------------- ----- |\
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\________ \_ | \___
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add: \ \ | \
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--------------- ----- | \
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deb file:/var/ftp/debian sarge main contrib
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</PRE>
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#endif
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#if OUTPUThtml
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<PRE>
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/var/ftp/debian/dists/sarge/main/binary-ARCH/...
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/var/ftp/debian/dists/sarge/contrib/binary-ARCH/...
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--------------- ----- |\
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\________ \_ | \___
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add: \ \ | \
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--------------- ----- | \
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deb file:/var/ftp/debian sarge main contrib
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</PRE>
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#endif
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As shown, the `<tt>dists</tt>' is added implicitly, and the 3rd,...
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arguments are used to expand the path into multiple directories.
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<BR> <BR>
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If you have a complete mirror that also has non-free and non-US, you
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typically have to add lines like these:
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<BR> <BR>
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<tt>
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deb file:/var/ftp/debian sarge main contrib non-free <BR>
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deb file:/var/ftp/debian-non-US sarge/non-US main contrib non-free
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</tt>
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<BR> <BR>
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If you don't have such a structure, other description lines are
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possible, see the <tt>sources.list</tt>
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#if MANPAGEseebelow
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manpage (see below).
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#else
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manpage.
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#endif
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</LI>
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<BR> <BR>
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<LI>
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FTP or HTTP packages mirror addresses can be found on
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#if CDROMreadme
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#if OUTPUTtext
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this CD in README.mirrors.txt, or on
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#endif
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#if OUTPUThtml
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this CD in <a href="README.mirrors.html">README.mirrors.html</a>, or on
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#endif
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#endif
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#if OUTPUTtext
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http://www.debian.org/distrib/ftplist,
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#endif
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#if OUTPUThtml
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<a href="http://www.debian.org/distrib/ftplist">http://www.debian.org/distrib/ftplist</a>,
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#endif
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look at the "Full list of mirrors".
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<BR> <BR>
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If the mirror has these directories:
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#if OUTPUTtext
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<PRE>
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ftp://some-server/debian/dists/sarge/main/binary-ARCH/...
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ftp://some-server/debian/dists/sarge/contrib/binary-ARCH/...
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------------------------ ----- | |
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\___ / | |
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add: \ / | |
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------------------------ ----- | |
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deb ftp://some-server/debian sarge main contrib
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</PRE>
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#endif
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#if OUTPUThtml
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<PRE>
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ftp://some-server/debian/dists/sarge/main/binary-ARCH/...
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ftp://some-server/debian/dists/sarge/contrib/binary-ARCH/...
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------------------------ ----- | |
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\___ / | |
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add: \ / | |
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------------------------ ----- | |
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deb ftp://some-server/debian sarge main contrib
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</PRE>
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#endif
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As shown, the `<tt>dists</tt>' is added implicitly, and the 3rd,...
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arguments are used to expand the path into multiple directories.
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<BR> <BR>
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If you use a complete mirror that also has non-free and non-US, you
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typically have to add lines like these:
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<BR> <BR>
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<tt>
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deb ftp://some-server/debian sarge main contrib non-free <BR>
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deb ftp://some-server/debian-non-US sarge/non-US main contrib non-free
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</tt>
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<BR> <BR>
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If the mirror doesn't have such a structure, other description lines are
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possible, see the <tt>sources.list</tt>
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#if MANPAGEseebelow
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manpage (see below).
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#else
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manpage.
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#endif
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#if UPGRADING
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<BR> <BR>
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NOTE: if you're using the static versions of `apt' and `dpkg' from this
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directory, the hostname-lookup is "broken" (which is one reason to just
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use slink's `apt'). The solution is to simply put the mirrors' IP address
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in the "<tt>deb</tt>" line. (Hint: "<tt>nslookup some-server</tt>")
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#endif
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</LI>
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<BR> <BR>
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<LI>
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In case of upgrading from a set of CD-ROMs (also possible for a single,
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unmounted CD-ROM), do _not_ add any lines to sources.list manually.
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<BR> <BR>
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Instead, first make sure there is a line in <tt>/etc/fstab</tt> that
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connects the <tt>/cdrom</tt> mount point with your CD-ROM drive (the
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exact `<tt>/cdrom</tt>' mount point is "required" for apt). For example,
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if
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#if ARCHi386
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<tt>/dev/hdc</tt>
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#else
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<tt>/dev/scd0</tt>
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#endif
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is your CD-ROM drive, <tt>/etc/fstab</tt> should
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contain a line
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#if ARCHi386
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#if OUTPUTtext
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<PRE>
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/dev/hdc /cdrom auto defaults,noauto,ro 0 0
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</PRE>
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#endif
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#if OUTPUThtml
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<PRE>
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/dev/hdc /cdrom auto defaults,noauto,ro 0 0
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</PRE>
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#endif
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#else
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#if OUTPUTtext
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<PRE>
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/dev/scd0 /cdrom auto defaults,noauto,ro 0 0
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</PRE>
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#endif
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#if OUTPUThtml
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<PRE>
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/dev/scd0 /cdrom auto defaults,noauto,ro 0 0
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</PRE>
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#endif
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#endif
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To test this, insert a CD-ROM and give commands
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<BR> <BR>
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<tt> mount /cdrom</tt><BR>
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<tt> ls -alF /cdrom </tt>
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(this should show the CD-ROM's root directory)<BR>
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<tt> umount /cdrom</tt>
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<BR> <BR>
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Then, use the command
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<BR> <BR>
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<tt>
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apt-cdrom add
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</tt>
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<BR> <BR>
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to add the data of each individual CD-ROM to apt's internal database.
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This command will ask for one CD-ROM per run, and mount/unmount the
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CD-ROM automatically. You should repeat this command for all `Binary'
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CD-ROMs you have.
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#if UPGRADING
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(`Source' CD-ROMs can be added as well, but only with the
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latest version of `apt' from this directory, and they are not needed for
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the upgrade anyway.)
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#endif
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</LI>
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</UL>
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<P>
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The final step of the preparation is to update apt's internal database
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with the command
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<P>
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<tt>
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apt-get update
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</tt>
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