348 lines
15 KiB
Groff
348 lines
15 KiB
Groff
.\"*******************************************************************
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.\"
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.\" This file was generated with po4a. Translate the source file.
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.\"
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.\"*******************************************************************
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.TH LIVE\-BUILD 7 2017\-08\-29 1:20170807kali1 "Projet Debian Live"
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.SH NOM
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\fBlive\-build\fP \- la suite d'outils Debian Live
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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.\" FIXME
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.\" FIXME
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\fBlb \fP\fICOMMAND\fP [\fB\-h|\-\-help\fP] [\fB\-u|\-\-usage\fP] [\fB\-v|\-\-version\fP]
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[\fB\-\-breakpoints\fP] [\fB\-\-conffile\fP] [\fB\-\-debug\fP] [\fB\-\-force\fP] [\fB\-\-quiet\fP]
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[\fB\-\-verbose\fP]
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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.\" FIXME
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live\-build est un ensemble de scripts pour construire des images de système
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live. L'idée derrière live\-build est une suite d'outils qui utilise un
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répertoire de configuration pour automatiser complètement et personnaliser
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tous les aspects de la construction d'une image Live.
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.PP
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La \fICOMMANDE\fP est un nom d'une commande live\-build (voir ci\-dessous).
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.PP
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.\" FIXME
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More documentation about how to use live\-build is available in the
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individual manpages for each helper and in the manual at
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<\fIhttps://debian\-live.alioth.debian.org/manual/\fP>.
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.SH OPTIONS
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.\" FIXME
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.SS "Options live\-build partagées"
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Les options en ligne de commande suivantes sont supportées par l'ensemble
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des programmes live\-build.
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.IP "\fB\-h, \-\-help\fP" 4
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affiche l'aide et quitte
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.IP "\fB\-u, \-\-usage\fP" 4
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affiche l'utilisation et quitte
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.IP "\fB\-v, \-\-version\fP" 4
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affiche les informations de version et quitte
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.SS "Options live\-build communes"
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Les options de lignes de commandes suivantes sont supportées par la plupart
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des programmes live\-build. Voir la page de manuel de chaque programme pour
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une explication complète de ce que chaque option fait.
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.IP \fB\-\-breakpoints\fP 4
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lance avec des points d'arrêt (breakpoints).
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.IP \fB\-\-conffile\fP 4
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utilise un fichier de configuration personnalisé.
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.IP \fB\-\-debug\fP 4
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affiche des informations de déboguage.
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.IP \fB\-\-force\fP 4
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force l'exécution d'un assistant, même si le fichier de stage existe.
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.IP \fB\-\-quiet\fP 4
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soit discret.
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.IP \fB\-\-verbose\fP 4
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.\" FIXME
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soit verbeux.
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.SH "COMMANDES LIVE\-BUILD"
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.\" FIXME
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Nous divisons live\-build entre des commandes de haut\-niveau ("porcelaine")
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et de bas\-niveau ("plomberie").
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.PP
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.\" FIXME
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Voici une liste complète de toutes les commandes live\-build
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disponibles. Consultez leurs pages de manuel pour obtenir de la
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documentation additionnelle.
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.SH "COMMANDES HAUT\-NIVEAU (PORCELAINE)"
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.\" FIXME
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Nous séparons les commandes porcelaine en commandes principales et en
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utilitaires utilisateur auxiliaires.
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.SS "Commandes porcelaine principales"
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.IP "\fBlb config\fP(1)" 4
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creates configuration for live\-build
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.IP "\fBlb bootstrap\fP(1)" 4
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executes the first build stage, creating (bootstraping) a basic Debian root
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filesystem
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.IP "\fBlb chroot\fP(1)" 4
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executes the second build stage, building the live OS filesystem
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.IP "\fBlb installer\fP(1)" 4
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executes the third build stage, obtaining installer components (optional)
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.IP "\fBlb binary\fP(1)" 4
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executes the fourth build stage, generating a binary image
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.IP "\fBlb source\fP(1)" 4
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executes the fifth build stage, generating a source image (optional)
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.IP "\fBlb clean\fP(1)" 4
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cleans up system build directories
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.SS "Commandes auxiliaires"
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.IP \fBlb\fP(1) 4
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generic live\-build script execution wrapper
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.IP "\fBlb build\fP(1)" 4
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.\" FIXME
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alias for all build stages
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.SH "LOW\-LEVEL COMMANDS (PLUMBING) \- BUILD STAGE COMPONENTS"
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.\" FIXME
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Le travail réel de live\-build est implémenté dans les commandes bas\-niveau,
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appelées plomberie. Elles ne sont pas supposées être utilisées par les
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utilisateurs finaux, ils devraient rester avec les porcelaines puisqu'elles
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s'assurent que toutes les différentes commandes de plomberie sont exécutées
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dans le bon ordre. Toutefois, si vous prévoyez de ré\-utiliser les commandes
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live\-build dans vos propres scripts, alors les plomberies pourraient vous
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intéresser.
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.PP
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Notez que l'interface (ensemble des options et des semantiques) de ces
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commandes bas\-niveau sont pensées pour être beaucoup plus stables que les
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commandes de niveau Porcelaine. D'un autre côté, l'interface des commandes
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Porcelaine sont sujettes à changement afin d'améliorer l'expérience de
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l'utilisateur final.
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.SS "Bootstrap stage specific commands"
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.IP "\fBlb bootstrap_archives\fP(1)" 4
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applies apt archive configuration
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.IP "\fBlb bootstrap_cache\fP(1)" 4
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in save mode, saves to cache a copy of the generated bootstrap directory,
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and in restore mode, restores from cache a previously generated copy
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.IP "\fBlb bootstrap_debootstrap\fP(1)" 4
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creates (bootstrap) a basic Debian root filesystem using debootstrap(8)
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.SS "Chroot stage specific commands"
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.PP
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Note: The following chroot_ prefixed commands are used in building the live
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OS filesystem. Another set of similarly prefixed files are listed separately
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(see further down).
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.IP "\fBlb chroot_cache\fP(1)" 4
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in save mode, saves to cache a copy of the chroot directory, and in restore
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mode, restores from cache a previously generated copy
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.IP "\fBlb chroot_firmware\fP(1)" 4
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compiles a list of firmware packages to be installed in the live OS root
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filesystem
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.IP "\fBlb chroot_hacks\fP(1)" 4
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executes local hacks against the live OS root filesystem, if any are
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provided
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.IP "\fBlb chroot_hooks\fP(1)" 4
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executes local hooks against the live OS root filesystem, if any are
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provided
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.IP "\fBlb chroot_includes\fP(1)" 4
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copies a set of local files from the config directory into the live OS root
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filesystem, if any are provided
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.IP "\fBlb chroot_install\-packages\fP(1)" 4
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installs into the live OS root filesystem any packages listed in local
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package lists
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.IP "\fBlb chroot_interactive\fP(1)" 4
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pauses the build process and starts an interactive shell from the live OS
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root filesystem, providing an oportunity for manual modifications or
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testing; note that this is (currently) usually executed with several chroot
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prep modifications applied (see description of these further down)
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.IP "\fBlb chroot_linux\-image\fP(1)" 4
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compiles a list of kernel images to be installed in the live OS root
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filesystem
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.IP "\fBlb chroot_live\-packages\fP(1)" 4
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installs a set of live system specific packages to the live OS root
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filesystem
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.IP "\fBlb chroot_package\-lists\fP(1)" 4
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compiles a list of packages provided in the user\' local config to be
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installed in the live OS root filesystem
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.IP "\fBlb chroot_preseed\fP(1)" 4
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installs pre\-configured answers to certain install prompts into the live OS
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root filesystem
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.SS "Installer stage specific commands"
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.IP "\fBlb installer_debian\-installer\fP(1)" 4
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obtains and sets up Debian installer(d\-i) components
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.IP "\fBlb installer_preseed\fP(1)" 4
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installs pre\-configured answers to certain install prompts
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.SS "Binary stage specific commands"
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.IP "\fBlb binary_checksums\fP(1)" 4
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creates checksums (md5, sha1, and/or sha256) for live image content
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.IP "\fBlb binary_chroot\fP(1)" 4
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duplicates the chroot directory, to place a copy of what whould be the
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completed live OS root filesystem to one side, allowing the original to
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continue to be used in executing certain parts of the remainder of the build
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process
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.IP "\fBlb binary_disk\fP(1)" 4
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creates disk information files to be added to live image
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.IP "\fBlb binary_grub\fP(1)" 4
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installs grub into live image to provide image boot capability
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.IP "\fBlb binary_grub2\fP(1)" 4
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installs grub2 into live image to provide image boot capability
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.IP "\fBlb binary_hdd\fP(1)" 4
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compiles the final live image into an hdd image file
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.IP "\fBlb binary_hooks\fP(1)" 4
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executes local hooks against the live image, if any are provided
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.IP "\fBlb binary_includes\fP(1)" 4
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copies a set of local files from the config directory into the live image,
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if any are provided
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.IP "\fBlb binary_iso\fP(1)" 4
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compiles the final live image into an iso file
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.IP "\fBlb binary_linux\-image\fP(1)" 4
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copies the linux\-image into the live image
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.IP "\fBlb binary_loadlin\fP(1)" 4
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bundles a copy of loadlin into the live image
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.IP "\fBlb binary_manifest\fP(1)" 4
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creates manifest of packages installed into live OS filesystem, and list of
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packages to be excluded by a persistence mechanism installing the live OS to
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disk
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.IP "\fBlb binary_memtest\fP(1)" 4
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bundles a copy of memtest into the live image
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.IP "\fBlb binary_netboot\fP(1)" 4
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compiles the final live image into a netboot tar archive
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.IP "\fBlb binary_package\-lists\fP(1)" 4
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processes local lists of packages to obtain and bundle into image (from
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which they could later be installed if not already)
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.IP "\fBlb binary_rootfs\fP(1)" 4
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wraps up the completed live OS root filesystem into a virtual file system
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image
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.IP "\fBlb binary_syslinux\fP(1)" 4
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installs syslinux into live image to provide image boot capability
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.IP "\fBlb binary_tar\fP(1)" 4
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compiles the final live image into a tar archive
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.IP "\fBlb binary_win32\-loader\fP(1)" 4
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bundles a copy of win32\-loader into the live image and creates an
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autorun.inf file
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.IP "\fBlb binary_zsync\fP(1)" 4
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builds zsync control files
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.SS "Source stage specific commands"
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.IP "\fBlb source_checksums\fP(1)" 4
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creates checksums (md5, sha1, and/or sha256) for source image content
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.IP "\fBlb source_debian\fP(1)" 4
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downloads source packages for bundling into source image
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.IP "\fBlb source_disk\fP(1)" 4
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creates disk information files to be added to source image
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.IP "\fBlb source_hdd\fP(1)" 4
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compiles the final source image into an hdd image file
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.IP "\fBlb source_hooks\fP(1)" 4
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executes local hooks against the source image, if any are provided
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.IP "\fBlb source_iso\fP(1)" 4
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compiles the final source image into an iso file
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.IP "\fBlb source_live\fP(1)" 4
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copies live\-build config into source
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.IP "\fBlb source_tar\fP(1)" 4
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.\" FIXME
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compiles the final source image into a tar archive
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.SH "LOW\-LEVEL COMMANDS (PLUMBING) \- CHROOT PREP COMPONENTS"
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.\" FIXME
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The notes above under the section regarding build\-stage specific low\-level
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plumbing commands also apply here.
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.PP
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The following chroot_ prefixed commands are used throughout the various
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primary stages of the build process to apply and remove modifications to a
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chroot root filesystem. Generally these are used to apply modification that
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setup the chroot for use (execution of programs within it) during the build
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process, and later to remove those modification, unmounting things that were
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mounted, and making the chroot suitable for use as the root filesystem of
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the live OS to be bundled into the live image.
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.IP "\fBlb chroot_apt\fP(1)" 4
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manages apt configuration; in apply mode it applies configuration for use
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during build process, and in remove mode removes that configuration
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.IP "\fBlb chroot_archives\fP(1)" 4
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manages apt archive source lists; in apply mode it applies source list
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configurations suitable for use of the chroot in the build process, and in
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remove mode replaces that with a configuration suitable for the final live
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OS
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.IP "\fBlb chroot_debianchroot\fP(1)" 4
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manages a /etc/debian_chroot file
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.IP "\fBlb chroot_devpts\fP(1)" 4
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manages mounting of /dev/pts
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.IP "\fBlb chroot_dpkg\fP(1)" 4
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manages dpkg; in apply mode disabling things like the start\-stop\-daemon, and
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in remove mode enabling them again
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.IP "\fBlb chroot_hostname\fP(1)" 4
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manages the hostname configuration
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.IP "\fBlb chroot_hosts\fP(1)" 4
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manages the /etc/hosts file
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.IP "\fBlb chroot_proc\fP(1)" 4
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manages mounting of /proc
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.IP "\fBlb chroot_resolv\fP(1)" 4
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manages configuration of the /etc/resolv.conf file
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.IP "\fBlb chroot_selinuxfs\fP(1)" 4
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manages mounting of /sys/fs/selinux
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.IP "\fBlb chroot_sysfs\fP(1)" 4
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manages mounting of /sys
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.IP "\fBlb chroot_sysv\-rc\fP(1)" 4
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manages the /usr/sbin/policy\-rc.d file
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.IP "\fBlb chroot_tmpfs\fP(1)" 4
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manages configuration of dpkg to use a tmpfs filesystem
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.IP "\fBlb chroot_upstart\fP(1)" 4
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.\" FIXME
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manages use of upstart /sbin/initctl program; in apply mode blocking
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execution through a dpkg diversion, and in remove mode enabling execution
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again
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.SH "FICHIERS DE CONFIGURATION"
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.\" FIXME
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Plusieurs commandes live\-build utilisent des fichiers dans le répertoire
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\fIconfig/\fP pour contrôler ce qu'elles font. En plus du \fIconfig/common\fP
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commun, qui est utilisé par toutes les commandes live\-build, plusieurs
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fichiers additionels peuvent être utilisés pour configurer le comportement
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de commandes live\-build spécifiques. Ces fichiers sont typiquement nommés
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config/stage ou config/stage_assistant (où "stage" est évidemment remplacé
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par le nom du stage auquel il appartient, "assistant" par le nom de
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l'assistant).
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.PP
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For example, lb bootstrap_debootstrap uses files named config/bootstrap and
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config/bootstrap_debootstrap to read the options it will use. See the man
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pages of individual commands for details about the names and formats of the
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files they use. Generally, these files contain variables with values
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assigned, one variable per line. Some programs in live\-build use pairs of
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values or slightly more complicated variable assignments.
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.PP
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Notez que live\-build respectera les variables d'environment présentes dans
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le contexte du shell lancé. Si les variables peuvent être lues depuis les
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fichiers de configuration, alors elles prennent le pas sur les variables
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d'environement, et si les options en ligne de commande sont utilisées, elles
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sont prioritaires sur les fichiers de configuration. Si pour une variable
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donnée, aucune valeur ne peut être trouvée et donc, est non\-paramétrèe,
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live\-build la paramètrera automatiquement à la valeur par défaut.
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.PP
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Dans de rares cas, vous pourriez vouloir avoir différentes versions de ces
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fichiers pour différentes architectures ou distributions. Si des fichiers
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nommés config/stage.arch ou config/stage_assistant.arch, et
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config/stage.dist ou config/stage_assistant.dist existent, où "arch" est
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équivalent à la sortie de "dpkg \-\-print\-architecture" et "dist" équivalent
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au nom de code de la distribution cible, alors ils seront utilisés en
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priorité aux autres fichier plus généraux.
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.PP
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.\" FIXME
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Tous les fichiers de configuration sont des scripts shell qui sont sourcés
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par un programme live\-build. Ceci signifie qu'ils doivent suivre la syntaxe
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de shell normale. Vous pouvez également mettre des commentaires dans ces
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fichiers; les lignes commençant par des "#" sont ignorées.
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.SH FICHIERS
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.IP \fB/etc/live/build.conf\fP 4
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.IP \fB/etc/live/build/*\fP 4
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.SH "VOIR AUSSI"
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\fIlive\-boot\fP(7)
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.PP
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\fIlive\-config\fP(7)
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.PP
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Ce programme est une partie de live\-build.
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.SH "PAGE D'ACCUEIL"
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More information about live\-build and the Debian Live project can be found
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on the homepage at <\fIhttps://debian\-live.alioth.debian.org/\fP>.
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.SH BOGUES
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Les bogues peuvent être signalés en soumettant un rapport de bogue pour le
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paquet live\-build dans le BTS à <\fIhttp://bugs.debian.org/\fP> ou par
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l'écriture d'un courriel à la liste de diffusion Debian Live à
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<\fIdebian\-live@lists.debian.org\fP>.
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.SH AUTEUR
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live\-images a été écrit par Daniel Baumann
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<\fImail@daniel\-baumann.ch\fP>.
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